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hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.

al features, climate, life, etc., and of the physical movements or changes on the earth's surface, as the currents of the atmosphere and ocean, the secular variations in heat, moisture, magnetism, etc.; physical geography.

ch. Pick dressing (Arch.), in cut stonework, a facing made by a pointed tool, leaving the surface in little pits or depressions. -- Pick hammer, a pick with one end sharp and the other blunt, used by miners.

f dilute sulphuric or nitric acid, etc., to remove burnt sand, scale rust, etc., from the surface of castings, or other articles of metal, or to brighten them or improve their color.

sentation of anything (as a person, a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, produced by means of painting, drawing, engraving, photography, etc.; a representation in colors. By extension, a figure; a model. Pictures and shapes are but secondary objects. Bacon. The young king's picture . . . in vi…

ch used as a mordant for madder and cochineal. -- Pink saucer, a small saucer, the inner surface of which is covered with a pink pigment.

A large cavity or hole in the ground, either natural or artificial; a cavity in the surface of a body; an indentation; specifically:

ak. -- Plain dealing. See under Dealing. -- Plain molding (Join.), molding of which the surfaces are plain figures. -- Plain sewing, sewing of seams by simple and common stitches, in distinct from fancy work, embroidery, etc.; -- distinguished also from designing and fitting garments. -- Plain song. (a) The Gregori…

ations or depressions; even; level; flat; lying in, or constituting, a plane; as, a plane surface.

Having opposite surfaces exactly plane and parallel, as a piece of glass.

A wooden block used for forcing down the type in a form, and making the surface even. Hansard. Planer centers. See under Center.

Having a plane surface; as, a planiform, gliding, or arthrodial articulation.

The mensuration of plane surfaces; -- distinguished from stereometry, or the mensuration of volumes.

od, especially boards, containing usually a rapidly revolving cutter, which chips off the surface in small shavings as the piece to be planed is passed under it by feeding apparatus.

To make smooth or plane, as a metallic surface; to condense, toughen, and polish by light blows with a hammer.

y or cause; as, a plank in the national platform. [Cant] Plank road, or Plank way, a road surface formed of planks. [U.S.] -- To walk the plank, to walk along a plank laid across the bulwark of a ship, until one overbalances it and falls into the sea; -- a method of disposing of captives practiced by pirates.…

All the animals and plants, taken collectively, which live at or near the surface of salt or fresh waters. --Plank*ton"ic (#), a.

Having a level horizontal surface or position. Lee.

An instrument for gauging or testing a plane surface. See Surface gauge, under Surface.

The art or process of producing or gauging a plane surface.