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A hardened body formed by certain fungi, as by the Claviceps purpurea, which produced ergot.

swelling which is at length resolved into a powdery sooty mass. It is caused by parasitic fungi of the genus Ustilago. Ustilago segetum, or U. Carbo, is the commonest kind; that of Indian corn is Ustilago maydis.

The white fibrous matter forming the matrix from which fungi. Spawn eater (Zoöl.), a small American cyprinoid fish (Notropis Hudsonius) allied to the dace.

One of the motionless spermatozoids in the conceptacles of certain fungi. J. H. Balfour.

e. (Chem.) See under Platinum. -- Pyrotechnical sponge, a substance made of mushrooms or fungi, which are boiled in water, dried, and beaten, then put in a strong lye prepared with saltpeter, and again dried in an oven. This makes the black match, or tinder, brought from Germany. -- Sheep's-wool sponge, a fine and du…

A secondary spore, or a filament produced from a spore, in certain kinds of minute fungi.

A layer or mass of cellular tissue, especially that part of the thallus of certain fungi which incloses the perithecia.

f innumerable minute, motile, reproductive bodies, produced asexually by certain algæ and fungi; a zoöspore.

e cases so close that the two form practically a single body, as in the union of algæ and fungi to form lichens, and in the inclusion of algæ in radiolarians) it is called conjunctive symbiosis; if there is no actual union of the organisms (as in the association of ants with myrmecophytes), disjunctive symbiosis.…

which extend between, and unite, the adjacent septa of certain corals, especially of the fungian corals.

ass or division of the vegetable kingdom, which includes those flowerless plants, such as fungi, algæ, and lichens, that consist of a thallus only, composed of cellular tissue, or of a congeries of cells, or even of separate cells, and never show a distinction into root, stem, and leaf.

A phylum of plants of very diverse habit and structure, including the algæ, fungi, and lichens. The simpler forms, as many blue-green algæ, yeasts, etc., are unicellular and reproduce vegetatively or by means of asexual spores; in the higher forms the plant body is a thallus, which may be filamentous or may consist of…

A name given to many umbrella-shaped fungi, mostly of the genus Agaricus. The species are almost numberless. They grow on decaying organic matter.

A chain of special bacteria. (b) A genus of budding fungi. Same as Saccharomyces. Also used adjectively.

Dried fungi used as tinder; especially, the Polyporus igniarius.

A genus of gelatinous fungi found in moist grounds.

Any one of several kinds of roundish, subterranean fungi, usually of a blackish color. The French truffle (Tuber melanosporum) and the English truffle (T. æstivum) are much esteemed as articles of food. Truffle worm (Zoöl.), the larva of a fly of the genus Leiodes, injurious to truffles. Truffle pig, a pig used for fin…

A genus of fungi. See Truffle.

Algæ, which contain chlorophyll or its equivalent, and which live upon air and water, and Fungi, which contain no chlorophyll, and live on organic matter. (Lichens are now believed to be fungi parasitic on included algæ.}

A saclike envelope of certain fungi, which bursts open as the plant develops.