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The European rowan tree; -- called also quickbeam, and quickenbeam. See Rowan tree.

A European scallop (Pecten opercularis), used as food. [Prov. Eng.]

A broad-leaved species of garlic (Allium ursinum), common in European gardens; -- called also buckram.

vil. -- Eagle ray, any large ray of the family Myliobatidæ, or Ætobatidæ. The common European species (Myliobatis aquila) is called also whip ray, and miller. -- Electric ray, or Cramp ray, a torpedo. -- Starry ray, a common European skate (Raia radiata). -- Sting ray, any one of numerous species of rays of the fam…

A perennial European grass (Lolium perenne); -- called also rye grass, and red darnel. See Darnel, and Grass. Italian ray, or rye, grass. See Darnel, and Grass.

the leaves of which are edged with minute sharp teeth. -- Razor grinder (Zoöl.), the European goat-sucker. -- Razor shell (Zoöl.), any marine bivalve shell belonging to Solen and allied genera, especially Solen, or Ensatella, ensis, and Americana, which have a long, narrow, somewhat curved shell, resembling a razor h…

ubbornly against general practice or opinion. The last rebellious recusants among the European family of nations. De Quincey.

The European red band fish, or fireflame. See Rend fish.

The European robin.

The European goldfinch.

The European linnet.

The male of the European bullfinch. [Prov. Eng.]

The common European linnet.

A small, handsome European singing bird (Ruticilla phoenicurus), allied to the nightingale; -- called also redtail, brantail, fireflirt, firetail. The black redstart is P.tithys. The name is also applied to several other species of Ruticilla amnd allied genera, native of India.

The European redstart.

A European thrush (Turdus iliacus). Its under wing coverts are orange red. Called also redwinged thrush. (b) A North American passerine bird (Agelarius phoeniceus) of the family Icteridæ. The male is black, with a conspicuous patch of bright red, bordered with orange, on each wing. Called also redwinged blackbird, red-…

grass found in wet places. -- Reed babbler. See Reedbird. -- Reed bunting (Zoöl.) A European sparrow (Emberiza schoeniclus) which frequents marshy places; -- called also reed sparrow, ring bunting. (b) Reedling. -- Reed canary grass (Bot.), a tall wild grass (Phalaris arundinacea). -- Reed grass. (Bot.) (a) The com…

The European bearded titmouse (Panurus biarmicus); -- called also reed bunting, bearded pinnock, and lesser butcher bird.

A European leguminous plant (Ononis arvensis) with long, tough roots.

genus of shrubs and small trees; buckthorn. The California Rhamnus Purchianus and the European R. catharticus are used in medicine. The latter is used for hedges.